[摘要]做好中低產田的土壤改良工作。土壤是提高土地產出的基礎。根據不同的土壤特點，采取針對性措施，改善土壤性狀，有郊地清除障礙耕地產出低效的土壤因素。針對禮泉縣田塊耕層薄，砂（粘）層出現淺的土壤
做(zuo)好中(zhong)低產田的(de)土壤(rang)改(gai)良工作。土壤(rang)是提高土地產出(chu)的(de)基(ji)礎。根據不同的(de)土壤(rang)特點，采取針對性(xing)措(cuo)施，改(gai)善土(tu)壤性狀，有郊(jiao)地清除障(zhang)礙耕地產出低效(xiao)的(de)土壤因素。針對(dui)禮泉(quan)縣田(tian)(tian)(tian)塊(kuai)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)薄，砂(sha)（粘）層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)出(chu)現(xian)淺的(de)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)，可采用淤積泥土(tu)(tu)（鋪砂(sha)）、搬運黃土(tu)(tu)、深耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)等措(cuo)施(shi)來打破(po)砂(sha)（粘）層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)或加(jia)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)；對(dui)因土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)貧瘠引(yin)起土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)干旱的(de)瘠薄培肥(fei)(fei)型耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)要(yao)通過(guo)深耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)深翻，逐(zhu)漸加(jia)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)作層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，深耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)時注意保(bao)(bao)墑，選擇耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)翻季節，結合耙耱鎮壓等，深耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)時還要(yao)注意水土(tu)(tu)保(bao)(bao)持，加(jia)修(xiu)地(di)埂；對(dui)于(yu)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)較厚(hou)(hou)(hou)，砂(sha)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)出(chu)現(xian)部位較深的(de)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)，要(yao)勤(qin)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)、勤(qin)灌水。對(dui)于(yu)在特殊自然環境(jing)作用下，導致的(de)坡(po)地(di)梯改型耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)侵(qin)蝕、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)貧瘠和土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)干旱，通過(guo)實(shi)施(shi)修(xiu)筑梯田(tian)(tian)(tian)為中心的(de)田(tian)(tian)(tian)間(jian)水保(bao)(bao)工(gong)程(cheng)，以增加(jia)梯田(tian)(tian)(tian)土(tu)(tu)體(ti)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)度(du)，耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)熟化層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)度(du)。在田(tian)(tian)(tian)埂種植草(cao)、灌，在山頂或隔坡(po)內種植抗旱保(bao)(bao)水的(de)樹或草(cao)灌，增加(jia)植被覆蓋(gai)(gai)。新修(xiu)梯田(tian)(tian)(tian)及經過(guo)工(gong)程(cheng)改造的(de)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)，也可通過(guo)深耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)翻、秸稈覆蓋(gai)(gai)還田(tian)(tian)(tian)，種植綠肥(fei)(fei)，加(jia)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)作層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，改善耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)理化性狀和養(yang)分狀況(kuang)。同時要(yao)增施(shi)有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)，廣開肥(fei)(fei)源(yuan)，實(shi)行堆漚肥(fei)(fei)、秸稈肥(fei)(fei)、畜糞(fen)肥(fei)(fei)、土(tu)(tu)雜肥(fei)(fei)共用，防水板(ban)供應提高(gao)土壤(rang)活(huo)性和微(wei)生(sheng)物的繁殖轉化能(neng)(neng)力，從而(er)提高(gao)土壤(rang)的吸收性能(neng)(neng)和抗逆性能(neng)(neng)，改良(liang)土壤(rang)物理、化學(xue)、生(sheng)物特性，有效增加熟化層厚度，有效地改善中低產田的(de)土(tu)壤。使之田塊(kuai)土(tu)壤熟(shu)化(hua)，培養地力，從根本上改(gai)變和清(qing)除制(zhi)約田(tian)塊產出的(de)因素。