亞(ya)克力

材的規格種類很多。普通板(ban)(ban)(ban)有(you)：透(tou)(tou)明板(ban)(ban)(ban)，染色透(tou)(tou)明板(ban)(ban)(ban)，乳白板(ban)(ban)(ban)，彩色板(ban)(ban)(ban)；特種板(ban)(ban)(ban)有(you)：衛浴板(ban)(ban)(ban)，云彩板(ban)(ban)(ban)，鏡面(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)，夾布板(ban)(ban)(ban)，中空板(ban)(ban)(ban)，抗(kang)沖板(ban)(ban)(ban)， 阻燃板(ban)(ban)(ban)，超耐磨(mo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)，表面花(hua)紋板(ban)(ban)(ban)，磨(mo)砂板(ban)(ban)(ban)，珠光板(ban)(ban)(ban)，金屬效果(guo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)等。不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)性能，不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)色(se)彩(cai)及視覺效果(guo)以滿足千(qian)變萬化的(de)(de)要求。

1、亞克力板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)按(an)生產工藝分(fen)(fen)澆(jiao)鑄(zhu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和擠壓板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，按(an)透(tou)光度可分(fen)(fen)為透(tou)明板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、半透(tou)明板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)（包(bao)括染色(se)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)透(tou)明板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)）、色(se)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)（包(bao)括黑白(bai)及彩色(se)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)）；按(an)性能分(fen)(fen)抗沖(chong)擊(ji)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、抗紫外線板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、普(pu)通(tong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和特殊板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)如高抗沖(chong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、阻燃板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、磨砂板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、金屬效果(guo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、高耐磨板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、導光板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)等。

A：澆鑄板：分(fen)子量高，具有出色的剛度(du)、強度(du)以及優異的抗化學品性能(neng)。因而比(bi)較適(shi)合加(jia)工大(da)尺寸的標識牌(pai)匾，相對(dui)在軟化過程中時間稍長。這種(zhong)板材的特(te)點是小批(pi)量加(jia)工，在顏色體系和(he)表面(mian)紋理效(xiao)果方面(mian)有無法比(bi)擬的靈活性，且產品規格齊全(quan)，實用(yong)于各種(zhong)特(te)殊用(yong)途。

B：擠(ji)壓(ya)(ya)板(ban)(ban)：與(yu)澆鑄板(ban)(ban)相比(bi)(bi)，擠(ji)壓(ya)(ya)板(ban)(ban)分子量(liang)較低，機械性(xing)能稍弱，柔性(xing)比(bi)(bi)較高(gao)。然而(er)，這一特點有(you)利(li)于折彎和熱成(cheng)型(xing)加工，軟化時(shi)間較短。在處(chu)理尺寸較大的板(ban)(ban)材時(shi)，有(you)利(li)于各(ge)種快(kuai)速真(zhen)空吸(xi)塑成(cheng)型(xing)。同時(shi)，擠(ji)壓(ya)(ya)板(ban)(ban)的厚度(du)公(gong)差(cha)比(bi)(bi)澆鑄板(ban)(ban)小。由于擠(ji)壓(ya)(ya)板(ban)(ban)是大批(pi)量(liang)自(zi)動化生產(chan)(chan)，顏色和規格不(bu)便調理，所以產(chan)(chan)品規格多樣性(xing)受到(dao)一定(ding)的限制。

2、亞克力還有一種(zhong)叫回料再生板是采用回收亞克力邊角料，經過熱降解后得到再生MMA（甲(jia)(jia)基丙烯酸甲(jia)(jia)酯(zhi)）單(dan)體(ti)，再由(you)化學(xue)聚(ju)合反(fan)應之后得(de)來。經過嚴格的(de)工藝流程，可以重(zhong)新得(de)到(dao)純凈的(de)MMA單體(ti)，與新(xin)合成(cheng)單體(ti)，品質上沒有(you)任何(he)區別。但(dan)生產出來的降解單體(ti)，純度不高，板材成(cheng)型后，其(qi)品質、性能很差。

總(zong)結：擠壓板使(shi)用(yong)顆(ke)粒原料，經(jing)過高(gao)溫(wen)溶(rong)解后擠壓成型，而澆鑄板是(shi)用(yong)MMA單體(ti)(ti)（液態）直接澆(jiao)鑄(zhu)(zhu)成型，雖然(ran)擠壓板外(wai)形上較(jiao)為平整光潔，但因(yin)其在(zai)顆粒原料(liao)成型時(shi)以完(wan)成聚(ju)合(he)(he)(he)。在(zai)加工(gong)成板材(cai)(cai)時(shi)其結構(gou)、性能較(jiao)弱，并不(bu)適合(he)(he)(he)作為戶外(wai)標識產品的(de)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)，只適合(he)(he)(he)作水晶字(zi)或(huo)產品支(zhi)架等戶內產品。另(ling)外(wai)由于擠壓板多數不(bu)具(ju)防紫外(wai)線(xian)(xian)功能，其戶外(wai)使用的(de)壽命與澆(jiao)鑄(zhu)(zhu)板不(bu)可同(tong)日(ri)而(er)語(yu)，顏色(se)會漸褪并且(qie)很容易脆(cui)化，直至破裂。澆(jiao)鑄(zhu)(zhu)板是在(zai)板材(cai)(cai)加工(gong)過程中完(wan)成結構(gou)聚(ju)合(he)(he)(he)，其間加入(ru)紫外(wai)線(xian)(xian)吸收劑，具(ju)有極高(gao)的(de)強度和(he)UV功能，戶外使用壽命長達5年(nian)以(yi)上(shang)甚至10年，使用(yong)期(qi)間色澤(ze)一直亮麗如新。

工藝特性(xing)

1、聚甲(jia)基丙烯(xi)酸甲(jia)酯含有極性側(ce)甲基，具有較明顯的(de)吸(xi)濕性，吸(xi)水(shui)率一般(ban)在0.3%-0.4%，成型前(qian)必須干(gan)燥(zao)，干(gan)燥(zao)條(tiao)件是80℃-85℃下干燥4-5h 。

2、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯在成(cheng)型加工的(de)溫度范(fan)圍內具(ju)有效明顯(xian)的(de)非牛頓流體特性，熔融粘(zhan)度(du)隨剪(jian)切(qie)速(su)率增大會明顯下降，熔體粘(zhan)度(du)對溫度(du)的變(bian)化(hua)也(ye)很敏感。因此，對于聚甲基丙(bing)烯酸甲酯(zhi)的(de)成型(xing)加工，提高成型(xing)壓(ya)力和溫度(du)都可明(ming)顯降低熔體(ti)粘度(du)，取(qu)得較好的(de)流(liu)動性。

3、聚甲基(ji)丙(bing)烯酸甲酯開始(shi)流動(dong)的溫度約160℃，開始分解的溫(wen)度(du)高于(yu)270℃，具有較寬(kuan)的(de)加(jia)工溫度(du)區間。

4、聚甲(jia)基丙烯酸(suan)甲(jia)酯(zhi)熔體粘度較高，冷卻速率又較快，制品容易產(chan)生內應力，因此成(cheng)型時對(dui)工藝條件控制要求嚴格，制品成(cheng)型后也需要進行后處理。

5、聚甲(jia)(jia)基丙烯(xi)酸甲(jia)(jia)酯是(shi)無定形(xing)聚合物(wu)，收縮(suo)率及其(qi)變化范圍都較(jiao)小，一(yi)般約在0.5%-0.8%，有(you)利于成(cheng)型出(chu)尺寸(cun)精度較高的塑件(jian)。

6、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯切(qie)削性(xing)能甚好，其型材可很容易地機(ji)加工為各種要求的(de)尺(chi)寸。